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Reading Arguments, Writing Positions: Grade 7 English Language Arts

Grade 7 · Christian · NGSS/CCSS-aligned

This is a full year of 7th grade English built around one question your child will keep answering in harder and harder situations: is this argument actually any good, and why? They start with short opinion pieces, move to a novel, then myths, poems, a play, and end the year writing their own research paper. The same four moves show up every single time — find the claim, check if the evidence actually backs it up, notice that other people see it differently and say why, and answer the other side instead of ignoring it. By June they should be able to pick up something they've never seen — a speech, a poem, a website — and do all four moves without being told to.

What your child will learn

The whole year, in plain English. Tap any unit to see every skill inside, nothing is hidden.

Tracing and Testing an Argumentpeek inside ▸

This is where the vocabulary for the whole year gets built: claim, reason, evidence, counterclaim, and sufficiency (whether there's enough good evidence to actually support the claim). Your child learns one specific test for evidence — 'what would have to be different for this inference to be false?' — and practices it on short opinion texts before writing their own paragraph that answers an opposing view.

  1. The structure of claim and reason in a persuasive paragraph

    Given a short persuasive paragraph, students identify which sentence states the claim and which sentences function as reasons.

  2. The definitions of claim, reason, evidence, counterclaim, and sufficiency

    Students define claim, reason, evidence, counterclaim, and sufficiency using the class's working definitions, without notes.

  3. The sufficiency of evidence in a marked persuasive text (relevance, amount, credibility)

    Given a persuasive text with claim, reasons, and evidence marked, students judge whether the evidence is sufficient using relevance, amount, and credibility, and justify the judgment in writing.

  4. The argument structure and evidence sufficiency of a novel, unscaffolded persuasive text

    Given an unfamiliar persuasive text with no criteria pre-marked, students locate the claim, trace its reasons and evidence, and evaluate sufficiency independently.

  5. The necessity test for textual evidence supporting an inference

    Students select the strongest textual evidence for a given inference by applying the filter question: what would have to be different if the inference were false.

  6. The divergence between an argument's persuasiveness and its logical sufficiency

    Students compare two arguments that use overlapping evidence but reach different conclusions and explain why persuasiveness and logical sufficiency can diverge.

  7. The counterclaim-acknowledgment structure in argumentative writing

    Students write an argumentative paragraph stating a claim and explicitly acknowledging one counterclaim, using evidence to respond to it.

  8. The sufficiency of evidence in an argument from a domain and era not covered in instruction

    Given a brand-new persuasive text in an unfamiliar domain (e.g., a historical speech never discussed in class), students evaluate whether its evidence is sufficient and identify what additional evidence would be needed.

  9. The generalizability of the sufficiency framework beyond persuasive-essay genre

    Students propose what kind of new evidence would change their sufficiency judgment of an argument, generalizing the relevance/amount/credibility framework to a claim outside the persuasive-text genre entirely (e.g., a scientific or personal claim).

Two Sides, Same Facts: Comparing Points of Viewpeek inside ▸

Two honest, fact-checked accounts of the same event can still tell different stories — because of what each writer chose to include, leave out, and how they worded it. Your child reads two real short nonfiction pieces on one event and figures out where they diverge and why, using Unit 1's vocabulary on a harder case: nobody's lying, they just chose differently.

  1. Unit 1 argument vocabulary (claim, evidence, sufficiency, counterclaim)

    Given a short review passage, students recall the definitions of claim, evidence, and sufficiency from Unit 1 with at least 80% accuracy on a warm-up quiz.

  2. The distinction between point of view and purpose

    Students distinguish an author's point of view from an author's purpose when given a single nonfiction paragraph.

  3. Word choice as a signal of point of view

    Students explain how a specific word choice in a nonfiction text reveals the author's point of view, citing the sentence and naming the effect of that choice.

  4. Selection of fact as a driver of differing point of view across two texts on one event

    Given two public-domain nonfiction texts on the same event, students compare the facts each author selected to include or omit and infer how that selection shapes point of view.

  5. The Unit 1 sufficiency filter applied to competing evidence in a two-text comparison

    Students apply the Unit 1 sufficiency filter question to evaluate whether each side's evidence would survive if the opposing side's strongest fact were true.

  6. Selection and framing as the source of disagreement between factually accurate texts

    Given a text pair with no factual errors in either, students infer that disagreement must come from selection and framing rather than accuracy, and generate that explanation without being told it.

  7. Strength of a stated counterclaim relative to the actual opposing position

    Students critique a peer's draft counterclaim paragraph, judging whether it names the opposing side's strongest point or a weak version of it.

  8. An original comparative claim on a new pair of opposing-viewpoint texts, including counterclaim acknowledgment

    Students produce a comparative analysis essay on two novel public-domain texts, stating their own claim and acknowledging the strongest point from the rejected side.

A Perspective Sustained: Novel Studypeek inside ▸

Your child reads a full novel, chapter by chapter with discussion in between, and tracks one narrator's point of view across the whole book instead of one paragraph. They use Unit 1's inference test to argue what a character's real motive is at a key turning point, even when the book never says so directly.

  1. First-person vs. third-person limited narration in the novel

    Given two passages from the novel, students identify whether the narrator is first-person or third-person limited and name one textual signal.

  2. Narrator's limited access and its effect on shown causes of plot events

    Students explain how the narrator's limited access to other characters' thoughts affects which causes of an event the reader is shown.

  3. The inference-evidence filter applied to character motive

    Using the 'what would have to be different' filter, students select the strongest textual evidence for a character's motive at a given turning point from two competing quotes.

  4. Change in a character's point of view across chapters of the novel

    Students trace how a specific character's stated or implied point of view changes across three assigned chapters, citing one passage per chapter.

  5. Character motive at an unmodeled turning point in the novel

    Students infer a character's strongest motive at a turning point neither explicitly discussed in class nor covered by teacher-modeled examples.

  6. Generalized principle of narrative omission applied to an unseen text

    Students generalize the 'narrator leaves things out' principle to argue what a different, untaught novel's narrator likely omits, based on a short unseen excerpt.

  7. Counterclaim-and-rebuttal paragraph structure for a literary motive argument

    Students write a counterclaim paragraph addressing one plausible alternative motive and rebut it using textual evidence, following the essay's required structure.

  8. Unit 1 argument vocabulary: claim, evidence, counterclaim, sufficiency

    Students recall the definitions of 'claim,' 'evidence,' 'counterclaim,' and 'sufficiency' from Unit 1 without reference to notes.

  9. Peer's textual evidence for a character motive claim

    Students critique a peer's motive claim by identifying whether the cited evidence would survive the 'what would have to be different' filter.

Myths, Archetypes, and Cultural Point of Viewpeek inside ▸

Myths are old and symbolic — 'the facts' in a myth are really a culture's values, not literal events. Your child learns archetype words (trickster, hero, hubris, nemesis) and compares two tellings of the same myth to figure out what each culture's version protects or cares about. They also look at similar patterns across unrelated cultures and resist the urge to assume one culture copied another.

  1. Archetype patterns (trickster, hero, hubris/nemesis) in a single myth text

    Given a single myth, students identify the specific sentence(s) whose presence signals the archetype pattern (trickster, hero, hubris/nemesis) at work.

  2. Greek/Latin roots hubris, nemesis, -log-, -path- and derived words

    Students state the correct definition of hubris, nemesis, and one word built from -log- or -path-, using the root's contribution to meaning.

  3. Two tellings of the same myth (point of view differences)

    Given two tellings of the same myth, students compare how each version resolves the central conflict and identify the specific detail that differs.

  4. Relationship between a specific textual difference and a culture's values

    Students explain what a specific difference between two tellings of a myth reveals about each culture's values, connecting the textual detail to the value it protects.

  5. Recurrence of archetype patterns across unrelated cultures

    Given an archetype pattern found in three unrelated cultures' myths, students generate at least two possible explanations for why the pattern recurs, beyond 'one culture copied another.'

  6. Theme as culturally situated rather than universal

    Students critique a classmate's claim that a myth's theme is universal by pointing to a cultural detail the claim ignores.

  7. Cultural values inferred from an unfamiliar myth's archetype and details

    Given an unfamiliar myth from a culture not studied in this unit, students infer one likely cultural value using the archetype and detail-difference reasoning taught with studied myths.

  8. Comparative essay structure with claim, evidence, and counterclaim addressed with evidence

    Students plan a comparative essay by organizing textual evidence from both tellings under a stated claim about cultural values, including a counterclaim paragraph that addresses the strongest objection with evidence.

  9. Complete comparative essay on two myth tellings' point of view and cultural values

    Students produce a complete comparative essay draft analyzing how two tellings of a myth differ in point of view and what that reveals about cultural values.

The Speaker's Stake: Poetry and Inferencepeek inside ▸

A poem's speaker has a point of view too, and the poem's structure (line breaks, stanza breaks, form) and figurative language are evidence for that stance — not just decoration. Your child learns to tell the speaker apart from the poet, and to argue what a speaker's stance is using specific lines as proof, including comparing two poems that take opposite stances on a similar subject.

  1. The distinction between a poem's speaker and its poet

    Given a poem with a clear persona, students distinguish the speaker from the poet and cite the specific line that makes the two non-identical.

  2. Line breaks, stanza breaks, and form as structural choices in a poem

    Students identify at least two structural choices (line break, stanza break, or form) in a given poem and state the literal effect each has on pacing or emphasis.

  3. The modeled three-step reasoning chain linking a structural choice to a stance, on the same poem used to teach it

    Given the exact structural terms and the exact poem used in the Day 1-3 worked examples, students apply the modeled three-step reasoning chain (identify choice, state literal effect, name it as evidence) to produce the speaker's stance, reproducing the taught routine step by step.

  4. The relationship between a structural choice (e.g., short lines, an abrupt stanza break) and the speaker's inferred stance

    Students infer a speaker's stance toward the poem's subject from a specific structural choice, explaining why the opposite structural choice would suggest a different stance.

  5. Figurative language as textual evidence for an inference about speaker stance

    Students infer a speaker's stance from a figurative-language detail (metaphor, personification, or connotation) and justify the inference using the strongest available line, rejecting a weaker line that merely mentions the same image.

  6. Two speakers' contrasting stances on a shared theme, as an instance of point of view

    Given two poems on a related theme, students compare the two speakers' stances and explain that the difference is a choice about what to notice, not a factual disagreement.

  7. The counterclaim-acknowledgment structure, at the 'address and rebut with evidence' level

    Students write a counterclaim paragraph that names an alternative reading of specific lines, addresses it directly, and rebuts it using textual evidence, meeting this unit's raised bar over Unit 1's 'name it' standard.

  8. Speaker's stance in a wholly unfamiliar poem

    Given an unfamiliar poem never discussed in class, students determine the speaker's stance and defend it using structural and figurative evidence without teacher scaffolding.

  9. Structure-as-evidence for inference, generalized across genres

    Students generalize the claim that structure functions as evidence for inference beyond poetry, predicting how the same filter question would apply to a genre not yet studied in this course (e.g., a staged play's line delivery).

Staged Conflict: Drama and Contrasting Motivespeek inside ▸

A play has no narrator to explain anything — dialogue and stage directions are the only evidence your child gets for what a character wants. They apply the same inference test from Unit 1 to a protagonist-versus-antagonist conflict, learn dramatic irony (when the audience knows something a character doesn't), and compare a filmed or staged version of a scene to the written script to see how a director's choices change what a viewer thinks about a character.

  1. The distinction between dialogue and stage directions as two separate categories of textual evidence in a script

    Given a two-line stage direction and a line of dialogue from an unread scene of the assigned play, state what each contributes as evidence, without conflating the two.

  2. The three basic formatting elements of a script page (character header, stage direction, dialogue), applied to a page not previously annotated in class

    Label the character header, one stage direction, and one line of dialogue on a single unmarked script page, matching each to its correct category.

  3. The inference filter question applied to a character's motive, evidenced by a specific line of dialogue

    Apply the Unit 1 inference filter question ('what would have to be different for this inference to be false?') to a character's line of dialogue to test a proposed motive, in a scene read together in class.

  4. Protagonist versus antagonist as contrasting points of view within one conflict

    Distinguish the protagonist's point of view from the antagonist's point of view in a central conflict of the play, citing at least one line from each character that reveals what each treats as important.

  5. Dramatic irony as an information gap between audience and character

    Explain what a moment of dramatic irony reveals to the audience that a specific character does not know, naming the exact information gap.

  6. Director/actor staging choices as an added layer of point of view not present in the script text itself

    Compare a filmed or staged version of a scene to its script, identifying at least one detail present in the production but absent from the script, and explain how that choice changes a viewer's read on a character's motive.

  7. Justification of a character's motive using dialogue evidence filtered for sufficiency

    Given a conflict and character pair the class has never analyzed together, argue in writing which character's motive is more justified, using one piece of dialogue evidence that passes the inference filter and one that does not, explaining the difference.

  8. Counterclaim rebuttal using dialogue evidence, at the 'rebut with evidence' rigor level specified in the course's rising counterclaim structure

    Write a counterclaim rebuttal paragraph, within the summative essay, that answers the opposing character's strongest justification with a specific line of dialogue rather than only naming the objection.

  9. Transfer of the dialogue-evidence inference method to an unfamiliar play text

    Given a new short script excerpt from an unfamiliar play, generalize the inference-filter and dialogue-evidence method to identify a character's likely motive without teacher scaffolding.

Evaluating Sourcespeek inside ▸

Up to now your child has judged whether an argument's evidence is good. Now they judge whether the SOURCE carrying that evidence can be trusted — using four checks: who's behind it and what qualifies them, how recent it needs to be, whether a second source actually confirms it or just repeats it, and whether it's a first-hand or second-hand account. They also learn that judging one source and judging a whole set of sources together are two different jobs.

  1. Authority as a credibility criterion tied to a specific claim

    Given a single source, students state who the author or publisher is and what credential or role qualifies them to make this specific claim.

  2. Primary vs. secondary source classification

    Students classify a given source as primary or secondary based on the source's relationship to the event or claim it describes.

  3. Currency as a claim-dependent, not universal, criterion

    Students explain why a source's currency (how recent it is) matters or does not matter for a specific claim, distinguishing claims where recency changes reliability from claims where it does not.

  4. Corroboration versus citation as distinct relationships between two sources

    Given two sources making the same factual claim, students determine whether the second source corroborates the first or merely repeats/cites it without independent verification.

  5. Synthesis of multi-format sources on one research question

    Students synthesize information about one research question drawn from a text, a data chart, and an audio transcript into a single written summary of what is known and disputed.

  6. Sufficiency as a property of a source SET rather than a single source

    Students apply the Unit 1 sufficiency filter question to a set of three or more sources, judging whether the set together gives enough evidence to justify a claim, not whether any single source does.

  7. Credibility ranking and written justification across a disagreeing source set

    Given four sources on a shared research question that partially disagree, students rank the sources by credibility and justify each ranking decision in writing using authority, currency, and corroboration vocabulary precisely.

  8. Diagnostic application of credibility criteria to an unrehearsed source pair

    Given a brand-new research question and two brand-new sources never seen in this unit, students independently identify which credibility criterion is most in doubt and explain what additional information would resolve that doubt.

  9. Generalization of credibility criteria beyond the taught source formats

    Students generalize the authority-currency-corroboration framework to evaluate a non-text source type not explicitly taught, such as a podcast episode or an infographic, and justify their adapted criteria.

  10. Unit 1 vocabulary: sufficiency and counterclaim

    Students recall the definitions of sufficiency and counterclaim from Unit 1 accurately when prompted at the opening of Day 1.

The Research Argument: Position, Evidence, Counterclaimpeek inside ▸

This is the year's final project: a research paper with a claim that could genuinely be argued either way, evidence pulled from at least three credible sources, and a counterclaim your child actually rebuts with evidence rather than just names. New skills here are limited to what hasn't been taught yet — picking a real debatable question, paraphrasing with proper attribution, avoiding plagiarism, and weaving three sources into one argument instead of summarizing them one at a time.

  1. The difference between a genuinely debatable research question and a settled-fact or single-answer question

    Given a topic, formulate a research question that a credible source-based argument could genuinely dispute, distinguishing it from a settled-fact question.

  2. Lateral reading as a method for verifying source credibility

    Apply lateral reading (checking an organization's identity and funding outside the source page itself) to judge whether a given source is credible for a specific claim.

  3. Paraphrase with attribution versus plagiarized restatement

    Paraphrase a source sentence in original wording and attach correct in-text attribution, distinguishing this from plagiarized restatement.

  4. Sufficiency of a multi-source evidence set, applied from the Unit 1 sufficiency concept

    Judge whether a set of three sources is sufficient evidence for a claim by identifying whether each source contributes distinct evidence or merely repeats another.

  5. Synthesis of multiple sources into one claim-driven paragraph

    Synthesize evidence from three sources into a single paragraph organized around the claim rather than organized source-by-source.

  6. Rebuttal of a counterclaim using cited evidence, the top stage of the Unit 1-6 counterclaim progression

    Given a claim and its strongest counterclaim, write a rebuttal that cites specific evidence responding to the counterclaim's actual reasoning, not merely restating disagreement.

  7. Criteria for a fair test between disagreeing sources on an unfamiliar topic

    Given two real, previously unseen sources that disagree on a topic outside their own research question, infer what evidence would constitute a fair test of the disagreement.

  8. Counterclaim-handling technique in a professionally published argumentative text

    Given a professionally published op-ed never discussed in class, identify how the author acknowledges and responds to a counterclaim, and compare that move to the student's own draft.

  9. The Unit 1 argument vocabulary set (claim, evidence, counterclaim, sufficiency)

    Recall the definitions of claim, evidence, counterclaim, and sufficiency from Unit 1 with correct usage in a new sentence.

  10. The name/address/rebut-with-evidence classification applied to a peer's draft writing

    Evaluate whether a peer's counterclaim paragraph names, addresses, or rebuts with evidence, citing the specific sentence that supports the judgment.

From the parent guide

This is a full year of 7th grade English built around one question your child will keep answering in harder and harder situations: is this argument actually any good, and why? They start with short opinion pieces, move to a novel, then myths, poems, a play, and end the year writing their own research paper. The same four moves show up every single time — find the claim, check if the evidence actually backs it up, notice that other people see it differently and say why, and answer the other side instead of ignoring it. By June they should be able to pick up something they've never seen — a speech, a poem, a website — and do all four moves without being told to.

Unit 1 · what to expect

This is where the vocabulary for the whole year gets built: claim, reason, evidence, counterclaim, and sufficiency (whether there's enough good evidence to actually support the claim). Your child learns one specific test for evidence — 'what would have to be different for this inference to be false?' — and practices it on short opinion texts before writing their own paragraph that answers an opposing view.

The full guide covers all 8 units: where kids get stuck, what to say, and how to tell it's working. Included with the course.

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Reading Arguments, Writing Positions: Grade 7 English Language Arts, Grade 7 Homeschool Curriculum